Direct-acting pumping-engine



(No Model.) '3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

C. H. ATKINS. NIEEGT ACTING PNMPING ENGINE.

yN0.156,131. Patented July 21,1891.

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(No Model.)

' 3 sheets-sheet 2. C. H. ATKINS. DIRECT ACTING PUMPING ENGINE.

No. 456,131. PatentedJul'y 21,1891.

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Patented July 21, 1891.

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UNITED STATES 1PATENT Prion.

CHARLES H. ATKINS, OF PALMER, MASSACHUSETTS.

DIRECT-ACTING PUMPlNG-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 456,131, dated July 21, 1891.

Application filed October 6, 1890. Serial No. 367,153. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l', CHARLES H. ATKINs, of Palmer, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, a citizen of the United States, have invented a new and useful Im'- provement in Direct-Acting Pumping-Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in explaining its nature.

In direct-acting pumping-engines it is desirable to equalize as much as possible the pressure acting upon the pistons of the engine to force them through their stroke. Va-

rious means have before been used for ac-v complishing this purpose.

mon is the balance-wheel.

My invention comprises a cylinder located preferably below the main piston-rod of the The most compumping-engine in a vertical plane with it,

but with its center at a right angle thereto, a piston contained in said cylinder f connected with the piston-rod by means of a link attached to the piston and to an arm of a lever, said lever pivoted to a stationary support, and another link connecting the other arm of the lever with the main piston of the pumpingengine. The cylinder is suspended from cross supports or bars on the frame of the pumping-engine, and is connected by suitable connecting-pipes with the watermain,throu gh which the water is forced from the pumpingcylinder of the engine, or with the air-chamber of the pump and withvthe suction-pipe, through which water is drawn by the pumping-cylinder of the engine. The equalizing or` auxiliary cylinder piston and lever are so located in relation to the main piston of the pumping-engine that at the beginning of the stroke of the main piston of the engine the equalizingpiston is at the upper end of its throw from the bottom of the cylinder, the cylinder-space between the piston and the head being filled with water from the watermain. The equalizing-piston is then moved downward in its cylinder, expelling the water from the cylinder into the water-.main until the main piston has reached the center of its stroke, when the equalizingpiston reaches the end of its downward stroke, the water having been expelled from the portion ofthe cylinder-chamber below the piston into the water-main. W hen the piston is in this position, the piston, link, and intermediate lever are vertical, and during this downward movement of the equalizing-piston the main pistons of the pumping-engine have been transmitting power to said equalizing-piston through the medium of the intermediate' 1ever and connections. Upon theV main pistons passing the center of their` stroke the equalizing-piston is forced or moved upward by the water-pressure from the water-main and applies power to the main piston-rod. This upward movement continues until the end'of the stroke of the main piston-rod and assists during the last half of the stroke of the. main piston-rod the action of the prime motor force thereon. The connection of the cylinder-space above the equalizing-piston with the suction side of the pumping-cylinder enables additional power to be exerted upon the equalizing-piston.

In the drawings the invention is applied to a duplex direct-acting pumping-engine.

Figure lis a View, principally in vertical central section, of one side of the duplex engine. Fig. 2Vis a view in plan thereof. Fig. 3 is a view in section upon the dotted line. of Fig. 1 and upon parts to the left of said line. Fig. 4 is a view, principally in vertical section enlarged, of the equalizing-cylinder, its piston, and connections.

Referring to the drawings, A is one plunger-chamber, and A the other plunger-chamber. a is the plunger; a', the piston-rod; a2, the high-pressure cylinder; a3, the low-pressure cylinder, and d4 the piston in the highpressure cylinder, which is at the end of the piston-rod a.

a5 is the piston of the low-pressure cylinder a3, which is connected with the, piston-rod a by the yoke o6 and piston-rods o? as. (See l Fig. 2. Y

The )plunger-chambers A A have suitable inlet and outlet ports, and are connected in the usual way with the suction or supply pipe B and the main B. The main B is common to the two pumps A2 A3, (see Fig. 2,) and the main is connected with the plunger-chambers of .each pump by the branches b b. Fig. 2.)

B2' is the airchamber, common to both pumping-engines. The steam-cylinders a2 a3,

(See

have suitable induction and eductien ports and controlling-valves, the ports and valves being in construction and operation like these commen te duplex pumpingengines. Between the steam-cylinder and the plungerchambers et' each pump there is a vertical equalizing er auxiliary cylinder C, closed at its bottom, except as hereinafter stated, and open at its top. This cylinder C is suspended by means of hangers c from the cross-bracing or tie-reds c', (see Figs. l and 2,) the. rods being supported and connected at each end with the shell of the plunger-chamber on the one side and the shell et the steam-cylinder en the other. There is et' course a separate equalizing-cylinder for each'pump. In this cylinder is a piston C. This piston has the solid betteln m of the full bere of the cylinder C, and also the annular section c', which is of less bere than the solid bottom, and extends upward therefrom and is open at its top c2. This section c is centered in the cylinder C by a ring c, which is fastened te the upper end et the cylinder, and this ring also supports the stuffing-bex c". The ring has an extension c5 inte the cylinder-chamber. The equalizing-cylinder is connected with the water-main B er with the air-chamber B2 by the pipe D, the passage in said pipe opening inte the bottom et the cylinder through a port d in the bottom et the cylinder and of course below the solid bottom of the piston. The cylinder is also connected with the suction-pipe B bythe pipe D', (seeFig. 1,) which is connected with a chamber d above the solid bottom by means of the passage d2 in the coupling er extension (Z3.

The' piston C is connected with the lever E by means of the link e, which is piveted at its lower end e. te a block e2, set er fastenedin a recess e3 of the solid bottom c ef the pisten. The lever E is piveted at ei to a cressshaft er pivot e5, (See Fig. 4,) carried er supported by boxes upon the horizontal rods c', and the lever is connected at its upper end, by means of the link e, with a bleek e7, made fast to the piston-red a and having lugs es, which support a pin e, passing through the end ef thelink e6. The fulcrum el of the lever E may be varied te change the length of the arms of the lever in relation te each other as may be desired. As shown in the drawings, the short arm of the lever is below the fulcrum-point and the lon g arm above it. The ulerum may be changed, however, te make both arms equal er to bring the long` arm below and the short arm above the fulcrum-point. At the beginning et the stroke of the pistons a4 a5 and piston-rod a the equaliZing-piston C is in its highest position in the cylinder C, and the space in the cylinder C below the bottom et the piston is filled with water under pressure from the main i3' or with air under pressure from the air-chamber B2. The chamber d above the solid bottom of the piston is of its smallest size and is iilled with water from the suction-pipe B.

During the nrst half of the stroke et the Ypistons'and main piston-rod the equalizing-piston C is moved dewmvard in the cylinder C te the position represented in Fig. l by means et the power exerted thereon through the medium of the leverE, the lever being moved from an inclined position to a vertical position, as represented in Fig. l. This causes the Water or air in the section et the cylinder C below the piston C te be expelled through the pipe D inte the water-main or air-chamber and causes water to be drawn from the suctionpipe B through the pipe D inte the chamber (Z et the cylinder C, and this of course absorbs a portion of the nrst impulse of the steam upon the pistons a* ai. By the centinued movement et' the steam-pistons and the main piston-red a the lever E moves from its vertical position and the equalizingpiston C new begins te act through the level` E upon the piston-red a te assist it and the steam-pistons through the remainder of their stroke, the water or air under pressure from the main B entering the cylinder-chamber below the bottom of the piston C and forcing it upward. At the same time the wateris drawn from the chamber CZ through the suction-pipe D by means of the suction ef the pump. This causes auxiliary power te be received by the lever E and applied te the piston-red a during the last halt of its stroke. The position ei' the piston C and lever is then as represented in Fig. i--that is, the piston is again in its highest position and the chamber beneath it filled with water er air. Upon the reverse movement of the steam-pistons and piston-red a the equalizing-piston and lever operate and are operated as above speciiied-that is, during the iirst half of the reverse movement et the piston-rod the water is expelled from the lower part of the pisten-chamber C by the movement of the piston C downward therein, and during the last half of the stroke power is connected with the pisten-red a by the water-pressure from the main acting upon the piston C and lever.

)Vhile I have shown the equalizing-cylinder as connected with the suction side of the pump as well as with the main, l would not be understood as limiting the invention te a construction in which this connection is used, as this connection may be dispensed with.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent et the United Statesn l. The combination, in a direct-acting pumping-engine, of the steam-pistons, main pistonrod and plunger of the engine with a cylinder suspended from the engine-frame, the said cylinder being at right angles te the main piston-red a', a piston in said cylinder cennected with the main piston-red by a lever and links, said lever and links, a chamber in the cylinder below the .pist-en connected with the water-main or air-chamber of the pump, and a chamber above the said pist-en con- ITO nected With the suction side of the pump, vall link with the lever E, and the open tubularl as and for the purposes described. extension c', of smaller bore than the main 2. The combination,inudirect-acting pumpportion C of the piston, the annular ring o3 ing-engine, of the main piston-rod a', the crossand its stuffing-box c4, and the lever E, con- 5 rods c', the cylinder C, its hangers c, the pipe nected at its upper end With the main pistonr 5 D, connecting' the bottom of the cylinderrod a', substantially as described.

chamber with the Water-main, the pipe D', CHARLES H. ATKINS. connecting the cylinder-chamber above its lVitnesses: piston with the suction, the piston C', having,` F. F. RAYMOND, 2d,

ro a solid bottom m, connected by means of a J. M. DOLAN. 

